Joseph Law

Bumper Content Writer

Alastair Shephard

Content Writer

Wiper blades are one of those things you probably don't think about very often. If your wipers work, you're happy. But if they fail, it can seriously affect your car and day-to-day life. 

Correctly working wiper blades are essential for safety and security reasons. The last thing you want is to be 

 with no visibility through your windscreen — or a failed MOT!

In this article, we'll delve into how often you should change your windscreen wipers, how to make them last longer, how much they cost, and how to change windscreen wipers. Let's dive right in.

You should change your windscreen wipers every year. 

Wiper blades may survive longer than this, but by replacing them at least once a year, you’ll ensure they’re always performing as intended. 

A set of new wipers will give you maximum visibility during rainy or snowy weather. So, consider making the change in autumn or at the start of winter. Also, if you live in a cold area you should change your wipers every six months to avoid weather-related damage.

 Remember to change the front and rear wipers! 

If your windscreen wipers display any streaking, skipping, splitting, or squeaking – it’s almost certainly time to invest in new blades. You should also change your blades if they are damaged, cracked, or torn in any way. Don’t wait until the 12-month mark!

How often should you check your wiper blades?

You should check your windscreen wipers at least every six months or more. Regular checks ensure you know the quality of your wipers and help you stay on top of yearly changes. 

This is a critical milestone to note when owning a car, especially in a region with varying weather conditions, such as the UK, for maintenance costs and safety reasons. 

As a guide, inspect your wiper blades every time you 

Yes, driving with faulty wipers is illegal. Low-quality wipers will also result in an MOT failure. But both can easily be avoided by investing in a new set every 12 months.

Bad wipers could see you face a £50 fixed penalty – but worse yet, if the police view your driving with poor visibility as reckless, they could hand out a £100 on-the-spot fine. This fine could increase to £5000 if the case is taken to court. 

Checking and replacing your wiper blades if needed is much cheaper than paying off fines. 

The rubber on wiper blades wears down over time as debris gets trapped between the blade and the windscreen. Additionally, the rubber can warp and distort over time due to heat exposure. 

Cold weather can degrade all types of rubber quickly, so it’s imperative not to use your blades to clear ice in winter. The rubber is made to be soft enough not to damage the windscreen, which means it will wear down with use. 

How to make your windscreen wipers last longer

Looking after your windscreen wipers is important, as it keeps them in better condition, improves your driving safety, and saves you money on replacements. Here are the best ways to make your wiper blades last longer: 

You’ll remove any dirt or debris that might be set on your windscreen, that would cause wear to the wipers as they scrape over it, windscreen wipers are only designed to move rainwater. 

With windscreen wipers being such a safety critical component, it’s important to get them fixed as soon as possible to avoid having to risk a dangerous and illegal situation. 

Wiper blades range in price from £5 up to £70 per blade, depending on the make and model. 

 offer free fitting or very cheap fitting, often no more than £10. High-end wiper blades are made from more durable materials and can be climate-specific. 

Wiper motor parts costs are usually in the region of £100-£160. The mechanism can be extremely expensive if the entire system needs to be replaced. But in most cases, joints or bearings can be changed separately. 

Fitting costs vary wildly depending on the car, and at the bottom end (on simple or older cars), it can take as little as 1-2 hours. At a rough rate of £50 per hour, equalling between £150 and £260 for the whole job. 

If your car is particularly complex, especially with a cramped engine bay, a mechanic may bill up to 4 hours to remove wiper motors and mechanisms. 

How does a wiper mechanism and motor work?

A moderately complex system of arms and gears moves the wipers across the screen. It’s usually situated under the scuttle panel or inside the engine bay. A motor drives this, and both parts can and do fail.

Wiper blades can be checked and changed at home or by a mechanic. If in doubt, contact your local garage dealer for professional assistance. 

It’s good to check your wiper blade before a long journey and regularly to avoid being caught far from home in a downpour.

Step-by-step instructions for checking wiper blades

Replacing your wiper blades is relatively easy to do. Here are the simple steps involved for a DIY change: 

First, check your owner’s manual for the correct wiper size and type for your car. The wiper size is usually described in millimetres. 

The wrong fit may result in windscreen damage or failure to clear water properly. 

Use a cloth or sponge to wipe the windscreen down. Never use abrasive cleaning products on the windscreen, as they can scratch the glass and reduce visibility. 

Also, avoid using any glass cleaners on your windscreen. Most contain alcohol or ammonia-based chemicals that could damage your wiper blades over time. 

Lay a piece of cloth or paper towel across your car's windscreen. This protects the wiper blade arm from scratching or damaging the glass.

Gently push down on the locking mechanism and hold it down while lifting the wiper arm until it’s released from its groove. 

The exact locking mechanism may vary from vehicle to vehicle, and if you’re unsure, simply consult your car’s handbook or look for an instructional video online. 

Once done, you should be able to easily remove your old windscreen wiper blades and wipe away any dirt or debris that has built up around where they attach to the arms. 

Next, replace the old wipers with new blades. Clip them in using the exact mechanism used to remove the old ones. 

Care should be taken with the plastic coverings and clipping mechanism – be patient and don’t try to force it. Doing so could damage the plastic housing or the blade itself. 

Give the new blades a couple of test wipes to ensure they work correctly by operating the screenwash function. 

Check that the wiper shows no signs of streaking, skipping, splitting or squeaking. 

Yes, you can get wiper blades professionally fitted. This process is straightforward, and most mechanics and automotive retailers offer a fitting service. 

 offer a windscreen wiper fitting service for around £5. Professional service is excellent if you want to avoid the hassle or don’t know how to change wiper blades.

You can buy wiper blades from online shops and automotive retailers. 

Online shops (e.g., Amazon) might seem quick and easy, but we recommend visiting a trusted automotive retailer such as 

You’ll be able to speak to an expert and ensure you buy wipers that are right for your car. They may also offer a fitting service for you – meaning you can get your wipers changed as often as you need to, hassle-free. 

The best wiper blades are the ones specified in your car owner’s manual. Before you look at style or technical functions, ensure the wipers are compatible with your vehicle. 

Also, manufacturers such as Bosch and Michelin are well-known for producing high-quality blades. These benefits are often both improved performance and longevity, so consider who you buy from.

Because new products are introduced all the time, it’s best to check a source like 

How often should you change your windscreen wipers - The takeaway

Windscreen wipers might seem minor, but they’re just as crucial as other car maintenance checks. Hopefully, this guide has helped you determine how often and how to change your windscreen wipers without fuss. Now, set a reminder in your calendar for your next change! 

Split the cost of car repair into monthly instalments at no extra cost with 

. Apply for a credit limit of up to £5,000 and search for a trusted service partner.

 has been writing about cars for over seven years and writing for Bumper for over two, blending his passion for automobiles with a talent for storytelling.

Joseph has written about engineering and cars for Autozilla, Komaspec, and several engineering manufacturers. When he's not writing or tinkering with one of his five cars, Joseph dreams of owning an Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale.

How Often Should You Change Windscreen Wipers?

¿Con qué frecuencia se han de cambiar los limpiaparabrisas?

A headlight bulb replacement costs around £50 when professionally fitted, but they only cost £3 to buy in store. 

Few things are more vital to safe driving than headlights, especially in winter. Even before dark, they significantly improve your car's visibility, reducing accidents with other vehicles and pedestrians. 

This guide covers everything you need to know about UK headlight bulb replacement costs, including when to change them, average prices, and other common questions.

How much does a replacement headlight cost?

Headlight bulbs can cost as little as £3 from local car parts shops. However, you can expect fees of £15 to £100 for a professional replacement.

Independent garages often give better advice than chains and can help you fit them on the spot. But you can also buy from big brands, like Halfords and Wilco.

Fitting headlights yourself saves money and helps you understand your car. It’s a skill worth learning in case you ever need to do it in an emergency. However, if you’re unsure, you can get an expert to fit them for you. And we’ll explain where you can do this below. 

How much does it cost to buy and fit a replacement headlight bulb? 

The average cost of a new headlight bulb replacement can range from around £15 to £100, depending on your car, part costs, and whether it’s a complex fit. 

It’s worth noting that chain stores and garages charge different replacement fees. Some garages like ATS, Kwik Fit, or Wilco may charge more for the bulbs alone, but fitting is often free while you wait.

Headlight bulb replacement costs are lower than other surprise car problems. If you’re hit with a big bill, you can use

 to split the cost into interest-free repayments.

How much do Halfords charge to change a headlight bulb?

Halfords charges around £8 to £15 for fitting a headlight bulb, often offering free fitting when you buy bulbs from their store.

Prices vary by location and bulb type, but their service is quick and convenient for most drivers who don’t want to tackle the change alone.

Headlight bulb replacement cost by car make and model

Beyond garage vs DIY replacements, headlight bulb replacement costs can vary widely depending on your car’s make and model.

While most common UK vehicles only require a modest outlay, premium models or those with more complex lighting systems can be significantly more expensive.

Here’s a snapshot of typical UK price ranges for popular cars. These prices are only estimates.

Labour costs of headlight bulb replacements

Labour time for replacing a headlight bulb depends on the car and how accessible the unit is. 

Most jobs take 15 to 30 minutes per bulb, though tricky designs can take longer. Typical garage rates range from £50 to £100 an hour, similar to other minor repair work.

Lastly, the type of headlight you require can affect the final fee. Which brings us to the different types of headlights.

Here’s a quick overview of common headlight bulb types, how long they last, and estimated cost ranges. Read more about halogen vs HID bulbs at the end of this article. 

Car headlight bulbs come in different types because modern vehicles vary a lot. Some headlights use a single filament bulb, while others use bulbs with two filaments for different light functions.

Single filament bulbs are used in cars with two pairs of headlight fittings and reflectors; one for the main beam, and one for the dipped beam.

Headlight bulbs are labelled using the H notation. The following bulb types are most commonly used: H1, H3, H4, H7, H11, HB3, and HB4. 

 None of the bulbs are interchangeable, so it's essential to find out what one your car uses before buying.

How to find which headlight bulb you need

The user manual is the best place to check. It lists all bulbs needed, including for headlights, brake lights, and indicators.

Want to check now? You can find bulb information online. Google your car manufacturer’s website or check forums to see what drivers of the same vehicle say. 

You can also contact a local garage for in-person advice. This way, you’re not guessing based on internet answers.

Headlights typically last over 500 hours.

Over time, they wear out like any other part. When one goes, replace it quickly to stay safe and visible on the road.

They use less power than HID or halogen bulbs but shine brighter with better control. They also run cooler and last much longer.

Is it worth upgrading your headlight bulbs?

Upgrading to LED headlights improves visibility with brighter, whiter light and lasts much longer than halogen bulbs, up to 30,000 hours. They use less power and run cooler, making them more efficient.

While upfront costs are higher, fewer replacements and better safety make upgrading a smart investment for many drivers.

Yes and no. It ultimately depends on your vehicle.

Older cars make it easier to swap bulbs yourself. However, newer models often need bumpers removed, requiring more time, tools, and space, meaning a garage visit might be necessary.

In summary, cars today are more complex, and many simple tasks like bulb changes aren’t as straightforward anymore.

Changing a headlight varies from car to car; it's always best to check your owner's manual for a guide on how to do this before attempting. 

Here is a brief guide on how to change a car headlight bulb: 

: Avoid touching the bulb glass because skin oils can cause it to fail early, even after washing your hands.

The above procedure sounds simple, but some cars obscure the back of the headlight with other components in the engine bay.

In some cases, the entire headlight has to be removed in order to get to the bulb. If this is true for your car, you should work with a professional or contact a garage for assistance.

Here are the key signs that your headlight bulb may be faulty and in need of replacement.

Headlights come in many types, from traditional filament bulbs to LED. You usually can’t choose when upgrading since it’s built into the design, but it helps to know when replacing your own car’s bulbs.

Halogen is the most common type of bulb. They use a tungsten filament similar to old-fashioned home light bulbs, but are much smaller in size.

Often producing light with yellow tones, it’s easy to spot which cars on the road use these types of lights. The name halogen comes from the gas used to fill the glass chambers, to prevent the filament from reacting with oxygen in the air.

These bulbs have a typical life expectancy of 2,000 - 3,000 hours. The lowest of all types of bulbs available. They also offer the lowest light output but are considerably cheaper to produce and maintain.

While the technology has been around since the 1990s, it was only really beginning to become a common sight by the mid-2000s. Often offered as an optional extra from the factory, HID headlights provide a much brighter experience than halogen. 

HID bulbs work using an electrical arc sustained by metal salts inside the bulb and initiated with the help of xenon gas.

Emitting a bright white light, they give a more modern look from both inside and outside of the car. The life expectancy of HID systems is 10,000 hours or more. 

What's the difference between HID and halogen bulbs? 

Here’s a quick guide to the main differences between HID and halogen bulbs, so you can see which might suit your car and driving needs best.

How Much Does a Headlight Bulb Replacement Cost?

Austausch der Scheinwerferlampen: Was kostet das? 

If your car is suffering from a loss of engine power, there’s a chance your turbo has a fault. Luckily, there are many ways to detect different types of turbo faults, and we’ve collected them all in one place. 

Keep reading to learn about different types of turbos, common faults, as well as how you can detect them before they become too much of a problem for you and your car. 

A turbo (or turbocharger) is a type of forced induction system that is commonly used in modern engines to increase their power output and efficiency. A turbo fault can affect performance, efficiency, and reliability. 

Turbos are an integral part of your car’s engine. They help deliver more power to your drivetrain, improve your car’s fuel efficiency, and reduce your overall emissions – meaning the condition of your car’s turbo will have a significant bearing on its performance. 

Turbos use exhaust gases from the engine and send them through a series of moving turbine wheels. This pressurises the air before introducing it into the engine. 

Before diving into the different turbo types, we’ll quickly define the difference between turbochargers and turbo bearings. 

Both are parts of the complete turbocharger system but oversee different functions. 

Turbochargers are devices that force more air into the engine’s combustion chamber. The main parts of the turbocharger system include a compressor and turbine. 

Turbo bearing refers to the specific bearing within the turbocharger. The bearings are used to support the rotating shaft, reduce friction, and ensure a smooth overall operation. 

What are the different types of turbochargers? 

There are six main styles of turbochargers. Some are designed for high-performance cars, some are more affordable, and some are made for diesel cars. Here are the main types to know: 

What are the different types of turbo bearings? 

Turbos come in two main types: hydrodynamic journal-bearing systems and ball-bearing systems. Here’s a quick rundown of each and their differences. 

Hydrodynamic journal bearings are the more common type of turbo bearing. They’re made of a journal (shaft), which rotates within a sleeve while oil is fed into the sleeve and the journal gap. 

Hydrodynamic journal bearings are more straightforward in design and affordable to manufacture. They’re also very durable and able to handle high loads. 

Ball bearings are a newer innovation in turbo technology. Unlike hydrodynamic journal bearings, this design uses a set of small balls to support the shaft. These reduce friction and provide a smoother operation. 

Like hydrodynamic bearings, ball bearings also need lubrication. However, the design has less friction and surface contact. 

Ball bearings give faster response times, increased efficiency, and reduced turbo lag due to the lower friction levels. This makes them better for high-performance cars. 

Since there are different types of turbos, you need to know which your car has before you fix any faults. There are a few ways to work out what you have, but here are the best options: 

If you’re not comfortable or experienced with car mechanics, you should work with a mechanic to find your turbo type. They can provide professional advice and perform any necessary maintenance. 

Unfortunately, turbochargers fail from time to time. The first step to fixing your turbo is working out the problem. See the most common turbo faults and causes below. 

The oil inside your engine keeps its moving parts lubricated and prevents rust and corrosion. The turbo is no exception – with a gas turbine wheel rotating at high speeds, it's essential that the 

If poor quality or inappropriate oil is used in your car’s engine, the turbo bearings may experience too much friction. Consequently, the turbine won’t be able to rotate correctly. This results in insufficient air being delivered to the engine’s cylinders, therefore reducing engine power. 

It should be noted that even if you use the right sort of oil, over time, it can become contaminated with solid particulates. Similarly, it may evaporate to a point where it’s no longer effective. This is why changing your engine oil every 3000 miles or so is widely recommended - dependent on the manufacturer’s recommendations. 

If something gets caught in your turbo, it can form a blockage that restricts the flow of gases. 

When a turbo becomes restricted in this way, your engine cannot benefit from the pressurised air flow that your turbo is supposed to deliver. Common objects found stuck in turbos include leaves, feathers, and metallic pieces from inside the engine. 

There’s a chance that something has become lodged in your turbo if you notice a significant drop in engine performance combined with a strange clattering or rattling sound coming from your engine. 

The pressure inside the turbo’s compressor determines how much air is being forced into the engine. If the pressure is too low, the engine will receive insufficient air, and the power output will suffer. 

Low compressor pressures can be caused by the compressor wheel either not spinning at all or spinning too slowly. If the compressor wheel isn’t moving, this usually indicates a problem with the bearing inside the turbo. 

However, if the compressor wheel is spinning too slowly, this is likely a result of a blockage in the system, a decrease in engine vacuum, or a problem with the turbo’s wastegate. Significant reductions in engine power or strange engine sounds typically accompany this type of turbo fault. 

4. Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) failure 

The EGR system regulates the exhaust gas sent back into the engine. An EGR system is used with a turbo to maintain correct air-fuel ratios within the engine cylinders. 

The engine performance will suffer if the EGR system isn’t working properly, typically caused by sticking in the EGR valves. If not enough exhaust gas is recirculating into the engine, it may have difficulties starting and poor running, leading to the deposition of carbon in the turbo, dramatically affecting its performance. 

On the other hand, too much exhaust gas recirculating into the engine will produce excessive nitrogen oxides and coke, significantly reducing engine efficiencies. 

Suspect you have a turbo fault? Here are some typical signs of a turbocharger problem. 

You should notice an increase in engine power as soon as you press down on the accelerator. If your car feels unusually sluggish, there’s a good chance a faulty turbo is to blame. Remember, the turbo delivers pressurised air into your engine, so any turbo faults will influence engine power. 

Like a loss of engine power, a faulty turbo will result in difficulty accelerating. Acceleration will feel slower and louder, and your car may judder. 

Blue or black smoke coming from your exhaust 

Blue or black smoke from your exhaust is symptomatic of cracks in your turbo’s housing or blown internal seals. These cracks or blown seals will cause oil to leak into your exhaust system, producing distinctive blue or black smoke as it burns off. 

You shouldn’t notice any whistling coming from your car’s turbo. If you do hear a significant amount of whistling, something’s likely wrong. In this instance, turbo faults are usually caused by excessive exhaust gas temperatures. 

Fluid leakage from the turbocharger and other areas

If you notice significant fluid leakage around your engine, your turbocharger is almost certainly the culprit. Different types of fluids can leak from the turbo. The most common leaks are oil and coolant, though it’s also possible for petrol to leak from the turbo. 

As with blue or black smoke, this indicates there are cracks or blown seals in the turbo’s housing. 

Different types of turbos & common faults: The bottom line

A car’s turbocharger is an integral part of the engine that helps to improve performance and fuel efficiency whilst reducing emissions. If your turbocharger isn’t operating properly, you’ll notice reduced engine power, difficulty accelerating, and other symptoms, such as a smoking exhaust or leaking fluid. 

In short, there are many different types of turbo faults, each representing a

If you notice any of the issues described in this article, taking your car to a mechanic for a diagnosis is critical. A turbo replacement can cost upwards of £700, so to make this cost more affordable, split it into monthly payments with 

To apply for a credit limit and see dependable garages and dealerships in your area, enter your vehicle registration and postcode on 

has been writing about cars for over seven years and writing for Bumper for over two, blending his passion for automobiles with a talent for storytelling.

Different Types Of Turbo Faults & How To Detect Them

There are so many types of coolant that it can be difficult to know which is the best coolant to use for your car. Not to worry, in this post, we explain all there is to know about coolant and how to find what coolant to use in your car. 

There are three main categories of engine coolant: Organic (OAT), inorganic (IAT) and Hybrid (HOAT). 

Deciding which one you need for your car can depend on both vehicle age as well as a use case. 

Organic Coolant - Organic Acid Technology (OAT) 

Traditionally used in older cars, this antifreeze uses organic acids as corrosion inhibitors. These prevent bare surfaces in your engine from corroding in normal use. 

Organic corrosion inhibitors last a long time before breaking down. This means they can be left for longer periods between coolant changes. They are often a shade of orange, pink or red. 

Since 1998, almost all car manufacturers stopped using OAT coolants in their vehicles, instead opting for Inorganic versions. 

These use Silicates to prevent corrosion. They are an inorganic (synthesised) additive that protects both iron and aluminium surfaces very quickly. 

A downside of IOAT coolants is their shorter lifespan compared to OAT coolants. They need to be changed and flushed more regularly. 

IOAT coolants are traditionally Blue or Green, the aim of this being that they are not as easily mixed up with OAT coolants. 

As the name suggests, these use a special combination of both organic and inorganic rust inhibitors to provide both long service life, and excellent corrosion resistance. 

 that use both electric and battery power, typically the presence of an electric motor has no effect on what coolant the internal combustion engine needs. 

Toyota is well known for specifying hybrid coolants in its cars, with both pure petrol and hybrid powertrains. 

Colours of hybrid coolants vary with the manufacturer, it is recommended that unless you are sure the current coolant is a HOAT type, you flush the system before adding a hybrid coolant. 

To be 100% sure you are using the right coolant, 

check your owner’s manual for the recommended coolants

. As mentioned above, the right coolant depends on the age, construction and even manufacturer of your car. 

If you use a different coolant than the recommended one it might cause undesired effects. And in some cases, it could even void warranties or finance agreements. 

No. It’s not a good idea to put water in your car. It's a common misconception that pure water is sufficient for a modern engine. The two main reasons are cold temperature performance and rust prevention. 

The most immediate problem is that in climates that drop below freezing, the engine can suffer serious damage if the water inside freezes. Water expands when it freezes, and plain water in your engine will easily crack engine blocks and heads and destroy 

But what if your car will never experience freezing temperatures? Coolant also protects your engine from rust. Whilst the outside of the engine will more often than not be painted, the inside cannot be. 

Corrosion getting into the coolant system can block radiators and cause excessive wear to the water pump.

Modern coolant technologies have both improved the longevity of engines by protecting them better, and also have reduced the level of harmful chemicals leached into the environment. 

This is used as a rust-prevention additive. Often vehicles manufactured in Asia specify phosphate coolants including Honda, Toyota and Nissan. 

Using a Phosphate coolant in another brand is unlikely to do damage, as the phosphate itself aids corrosion protection and longevity of the coolant. 

Commonly used in older engines, specifically diesel. This coincides with the fact that it is not recommended for use in engines made from aluminium. Older engines tend to be made from cast iron or steel. 

Nitrites allow for longer service life in diesel and heavy-duty applications. Most modern Nitrite coolants can be used in modern engines including aluminium ones, as they now contain other additives to regulate the negative effect on the base material. 

Amine is often seen on bottles of coolant, always in the “Doesn’t contain Amine” form, this is because it was found that when reacting with nitrites, it produces a carcinogenic compound called nitrosamine. 

Advice

How Often Should You Change Windscreen Wipers?

How Much Does a Headlight Bulb Replacement Cost?

Different Types Of Turbo Faults & How To Detect Them

What coolant should I use in my car?

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